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Perioperative pain management for craniotomy patients may be challenging because the commonly used agents such as opioids, gabapentin, and dexmedetomidine also cause sedation, which can confound the neurological exam and can lead to respiratory depression and increased intracranial pressure. Preoperative intravenous magnesium boluses and infusions have previously been established as an effective, nonsedating analgesic that can reduce opioid consumption 25-30% up to 48 hours postoperatively. However, intravenous magnesium has not seen widespread use in craniotomy patients due to concerns for interference with the neurological...
This is a research study to find out if the new anti-cancer drug Durvalumab combined with radiation therapy to the brain will work in treating brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Focused, highly precise radiation therapy to the brain, known as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), is a standard of care treatment that is commonly used for patients with metastatic lung cancer to the brain. It is standardly used as an alternative to surgery to eradicate the targeted tumours in the brain and prevent them from growing and causing symptoms. This study will look at the combination of the novel immunotherapy Durvalumab with...
Exploratory study to evaluate the effect and safety of the use of Ocoxin® oral solution on the quality of life of paediatric patients with advanced stage solid tumours.
In the experimental group, norepinephrine at a concentration of 5 mcg/ml is preemptively administered through peripheral venous catheter with a size of 20 G or more from the time of anesthesia induction to the end of anesthetic administration. The norepinephrine is not preemptively administered in the control group. For anesthesia, total intravenous anesthesia using propofol and remifentanil is performed. During anesthesia, the injection rate of the test drug is allowed to be adjusted according to the blood pressure within the permissible range, and anesthesia management such as fluid infusion, blood transfusions, and drug ...
Neurosurgical operations are characterised by major fluid shift, frequent use of diuretics, and prolonged operative time. The role of fluid therapy in these patients is very critical; hypovolemia might decrease cerebral perfusion; while, fluid over-infusion might swell the brain (1-3). Thus, fluid management in these procedures complex and challenging. Evidence on the optimum protocol for intraoperative fluid management in neurosurgical patients is still lacking. Adequate intracranial volume management is considered a key factor that would overcome the tumour bulk and the surrounding vasogenic oedema facilitating surgical access . ...
Basis: Brain metastasis is very common in breast cancer, and HER2 positivity is a risk factor for high incidence of brain metastasis, with approximately 50% of HER2+ MBC cases experiencing brain metastasis. The reason for this is that as the efficacy of HER2-targeted therapy improves, the survival of these patients significantly extends, leading to an increase in the occurrence rate of brain metastasis events in the late stage of MBC. In the systemic treatment of HER2+ breast cancer brain metastasis, various HER2-targeted drugs have been explored, but none have achieved satisfactory therapeutic effects. Therefore, it is imperative to...
Hypothalamic obesity (HO) refers to the substantial weight gain that often complicates hypothalamic brain tumors. Children with this treatment-recalcitrant form of obesity have excess rates of metabolic sequelae compared to otherwise healthy children with similar obesity, and later experience excess mortality related to cardiometabolic disease. In this pilot trial, our objective is to gather key preliminary data about phentermine/topiramate (Ph/T) that is FDA-approved for "common" obesity but has never been tested in HO. The subset of individuals with HO who experience hyperphagia or excess daytime sleepiness may benefit from the...
'1. Objective - Primary objective - Median Intracranial Progression-free survival(icPFS) as defined by RANO(Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology) criteria - Secondary objective - Progression free survival(PFS) as defined by RECIST 1.1 - Median Intracranial progression free survival(icPFS) as defined by RECIST 1.1 - Intracranial objective response rate(icORR) as defined by RECIST 1.1 - Overall response rate(ORR) as defined by RECIST 1.1 - Duration of response(DoR) as defined by RECIST 1.1 - Disease control rate (DCR) defined by...
Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is a key component of comprehensive treatment of meningioma. However, for atypical meningioma after total resection, there is still a huge controversy in patients who need adjuvant radiotherapy after surgery. Many scholars have focused on this problem and carried out some small-scale retrospective studies, but they have contradictory results. Some of the studies found that postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy could not improve the prognosis of patients, but was questioned because the sample size was too small, resulting in insignificant results, while other studies found that postoperative...
Prospective and randomized evaluate efficiency and safety of different treatment strategies for hypothalamus-invading pituitary adenomas (HIPA)